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Characteristic scale

Short title: characteristicScale.lsc

Inputs: A DEM (the Baranja Hill 25m DEM is used as an example). The name of the parameter to measure and the minimum and maximum window sizes over which to measure it.
Outputs: Two rasters, one containing the measured parameter, the other the window size at which the parameter is most extreme.

Purpose and use:

Finds the scale at which a geomorphometric parameter is most extreme for each cell in a DEM. Part of this script appears in Hengl and Reuter (2008) [the Geomorphometry book].
Script to measure surface parameter at characteristic scales. It is designed to incorporate scale-based analysis into surface parameterisation. It measures the given parameter (e.g. slope, profile curvature etc.) at a range of scales, and finds the scale at which that parameter is most extreme. Can be used to explore scale sensitivity of a surface.

Programming environment: Landserf
Status of work: Public Domain
Reference: Geomorphometry: Concepts, Software, Applications
Data set name: Baranja hill


Attachment:

characteristicScale.lsc_.zip

Volcano Maungawhau

Maunga Whau (Mt Eden) is one of about 50 volcanos in the Auckland volcanic field. This data set gives topographic information for Maunga Whau on a 10 m by 10 m grid. A matrix with 87 rows and 61 columns, rows corresponding to grid lines running east to west and columns to grid lines running south to north.

Perspective view - volcano

Available layers:

- volcano_maungawhau.asc — the 10 m DEM digitized from the topo map;

Grid definition:

ncols: 61
nrows: 87
xllcorner: 2667400
yllcorner: 6478700
cellsize: 10 m

proj4:+init=epsg:27200

Lineage:

Digitized from a topographic map by Ross Ihaka. These data should not be regarded as accurate.

\> data(volcano)
>library(spatstat)
>LLC <- data.frame(E=174.761345, N=-36.879784)
>coordinates(LLC) <- ~E+N
>proj4string(LLC) <- CRS("+proj=longlat +datum=WGS84")
>LLC.NZGD49 <- spTransform(LLC, CRS("+init=epsg:27200"))
>volcano.r <- as.im(list(x=seq(from=2667405, length.out=61, by=10),
+     y=seq(from=6478705, length.out=87, by=10), 
+     z=t(volcano)\[61:1,\]))
>volcano.sp <- as(volcano.r, "SpatialGridDataFrame")
>proj4string(volcano.sp) <- CRS("+init=epsg:27200")
# str(volcano.sp)
# spplot(volcano.sp, at=seq(min(volcano.sp$v), max(volcano.sp$v),5),
+    col.regions=topo.colors(45))
>write.asciigrid(volcano.sp, "volcano\_maungawhau.asc", na.value=-1)

Data owner: LINZ
Location:Volcano Maungawhau, Auckland, New Zealand
36° 50’ 50.586” S,174° 45’ 56.646” E
See map: Google Maps

Attachment:
volcano_maungawhau.zip

Landform classes (Pennock and Corre, 2001)

Short title: landform

Inputs: Digital Elevation Model, classification parameters.
Outputs: Map showing landform classes according to Pennock and Corre (2001).

Purpose and use:

Landform Classification based on method of Pennock and Corre (2001). Classify landform units based on relief parameters provided using the topo.aml. Original Source are papers by Pennock et al., Rewritten in aml as closely as possible. Requirements: topo.aml, killgrids.aml, logoff.aml

Programming environment: Arc AML
Status of work: Public Domain
Reference: Geomorphometry: Concepts, Software, Applications

Geostatistical simulations of topography

Short title: DEMsim

Inputs: control.txt - 1020 precise measurements (photogrametric + spot heights); elevations.txt - 2051 points (contours + spot heights); dem10m_tin.asc - 100x150 pixels 30m DEM.
Outputs: simulated DEMs, simulated error surfaces, error assessment statistics.

Purpose and use:

Script to generate and simulate DEMs and assess the error of the height measurements. Prepared for the needs of a research paper ‘Geostatistical modelling of topography using auxiliary maps’. Please consider testing the script before you use it with large datasets.

Programming environment: R / S language
Status of work: Public Domain
Reference: {Geostatistical modelling of topography using auxiliary maps}
Data set name: Zlatibor

Attachment:

zlatibor-1.zip

Generic landforms

Short title: g_landf

Inputs: %1 - table with central values has to have same domain as the class map, %2 standard fuzziness factor (1.5), %3 - domain, %4 - SLOPE, %5 - PLANC and %6 - ACV.
Outputs: membership values (0-1) to each generic landform (stream, ridge, slope, plain, pit and peak)

Purpose and use:

Extracts six generic landforms (stream, ridge, slope, plain, pit and peak).

Programming environment: ILWIS
Status of work: Public Domain
Reference: Geomorphometry: Concepts, Software, Applications

g_landforms.zip

Latest Posts

Cover Design Contest for the Upcoming Book on Geomorphometry

Dear geomorphometry community,

We are pleased to invite submissions for a cover design contest for the second edition of the Geomorphometry book, to be published in 2026.

The submissions will be gathered in a poll, and the entire community will be able to vote for their favorite design.

If your design is selected, you will receive the appropriate credits, but would need to provide the necessary permissions to use the image.

You can submit your design by email before October 17th. Please ensure that the image is of at least 300 dpi resolution.

Get designing!

The editors,
Hannes Reuter
Carlos Grohmann
Vincent Lecours

Coffee Talk - Recent Research Progress in Geomorphometry in China

Recent Research Progress in Geomorphometry in China

Dr. Li-Yang Xiong
Nanjing Normal University, China

October 1st , 2025
8:00 MDT (UTC -6), 10:00 EDT (UTC -4), 11:00 BRT (UTC - 3), 15:00 BST (UTC +1), 16:00 CEST (UTC +2), 17:00 EEST (UTC +3), 22:00 CST (UTC +8)

Recording available in our YouTube channel

Bio: Dr. Li-Yang Xiong is a professor at the School of Geographical Science, Nanjing Normal University (NNU), China. He is currently responsible for managing NNU’s research in Digital Terrain Model and Digital Terrain Analysis. His main research interests include AI based terrain modelling, loess terrain feature characterization, landform evolution modeling, paleotopography reconstruction and geomorphological process mining. His recent work involves deep learning-based DEM reconstruction, geomorphology-oriented digital terrain analysis, and value-added digital terrain applications for geoscience. He also serves as Associate Editor for the journal Earth Surface Processes and Landforms and as an Editorial Board Member for International Journal of Geographical Information Science.

Abstract: In this talk, I will present some recent research achievements related to terrain modelling theory, terrain analysis method and terrain application in China. This terrain modeling theory focused on how we understand terrain knowledge and integrate it into AI methods for terrain reconstruction. In term of the terrain analysis method, the mathematical vector operation we believe should be highlighted in the research of Geomorphometry, which is suitable for multi-source data structure by considering the directional property of terrain parameters. Actually, this directional property should be made a full consideration for process- oriented geographical modeling and simulation. Lastly, I will show some terrain applications towards different typical geographical areas in China as well as global scale application.

PHD position in Italy

Dear colleagues,

I’m grateful if you can circulate information on this PhD opportunity in Italy. The potential candidates can contact me (strevisani@iuav.it) for further information. Here the main elements of the position:

Research topics: Predicting and supporting benthic and pelagic biodiversity through geomorphometry and machine learning

Link to the call (Italian and English): https://www.unipa.it/didattica/dottorati/dottorato-xli/bando-di-accesso-ciclo-41/

Position code [BIODIV.OGS]

Research headquarters OGS Trieste and University of Palermo

Funded by OGS - Istituto Nazionale di Oceanografia e di Geofisica Sperimentale

Key dates: Deadline: 7th August 2025 - 14:59 (Italian time)